This article is about how to properly install an outlet. There is a huge choice on the market electrical outlets; they vary in form, size and type of connection. In Europe, the most common are CEE 7/4 (type F) sockets, and in North America, NEMA 5-15 sockets with holes for two flat parallel pins and for grounding are common. Nevertheless, there is a universal classification of electrical outlets: with grounding and without grounding. In this step-by-step instructions   we will show you how to install a European standard power outlet.

Instruments:

• screwdriver;
• pliers;
• voltage indicator;
• level;
• safety glasses and gloves.

Advice:

• before starting work, disconnect the power supply in the apartment;
• before touching any of the wires, use the voltage indicator to make sure that no voltage is applied to it;
• if you do not want to risk, ask a professional electrician for help.

  Preparatory work

If you are going to install a power outlet in the apartment, you should start by turning off the power. Some people believe that it is enough to disconnect only the circuit on which the socket is to be mounted, but we strongly recommend that you turn off the power of all circuits in your apartment. When it comes to electricity, it is better to show excessive than insufficient vigilance.

Using the voltage indicator on each wire, make sure that you can touch them without risk to health and life.

Now it is necessary to clean the jar from the remains of paint, putty, other construction debris and dust. This operation is especially important when it comes to installing outlets in a new building.

However, even if you are replacing an old wall outlet, you should first make sure of the normal state of the junket so that no problems arise when installing and aligning the device.

Preparation of the installation site of the outlet.

In the image below, you can see a typical European grounded outlet. Such outlets are characterized by a high degree of safety. They are installed in all new homes in Germany and in most EU countries.

Euro socket (socket standard CEE 7/4).

After you have bought a new outlet, it should be disassembled with a screwdriver. This is necessary because you have to connect electric wires   to the inside of the socket. Using a screwdriver, unscrew all screws holding the plastic cover of the socket.

Remove the socket cover.

As a result of this operation, you should get two parts - the actual outlet and its cover. We need a rosette in the following stages, you can put off the lid for a while to the side.

Tip: Leave the fixing screws in the holes of the cover so that they are not lost.

Device socket.

  Wiring and installing an outlet

It's time to start connecting the outlet. Using pliers cut the wires so that they protrude from the wall no more than 15 cm. This length should be enough to connect the wires to the outlet without any difficulties. Do not leave too long ends of the wires, as they may not fit in the jar, and you will later have to return to this stage and repeat all subsequent operations.

After trimming the wires, clean their ends from the insulation by 1.5-2 cm. To do this you will need a pair of pliers or a knife.

Tip: The easiest way to clean the ends of the wires is to use special pliers to remove the insulation.

Using pliers, give the ends of the wires a T-shape (or C-shape depending on the locking system), as shown in the figure.

Connecting the wires to the outlet.

You have probably noticed that the insulation of the wires is colored differently: the brown wire - the phase, the blue - the neutral and the yellow-green - the ground. Color marking   wires in different countries may differ. Each of these wires must be connected to its connector.

Wiring.

The ground wire is connected to the socket in the middle part of the socket, as a rule, in the lower part of the socket. The connection point of the "zero" wire may differ depending on the brand and type of outlet. As a rule, it does not matter if you connect it to the left or right side of the outlet. The phase wire is connected from the opposite side of the neutral. After you have placed the ends of the wires in their intended receptacles, fix them with screws.

Connect the brown phase wire.

After connecting the socket, it is necessary to bend the wires so that they fit well in the jar. Ensure that there is enough space left to place and secure the outlet itself. If everything is in order, you can fix the socket in the jar. Do not rush to tighten the fixing screws - first make sure that the socket is well leveled.

Fastening the socket in the jar.

To align the outlet, you will need a laser level. If you do not have a laser level, you can use alcohol, but this will complicate the process, especially for beginners.

Using the level, make sure that the top face is parallel to the horizon line. If necessary, adjust the location of the outlet. Then firmly fix the socket in the receptacle with screws.

Align the outlet with a laser level.

The next step that needs to be done is to fasten the plastic switch cover with a screwdriver. Fortunately, this operation is fairly simple and requires no more than a few minutes.

If you notice an error in the text, please select it and press Ctrl + Enter

Task number: 42091. Prototype №:
   In the power outlet are connected devices, the total resistance of which is \\ (R_ (1) = 39 \\) Ohm. In parallel with them in the socket it is supposed to connect an electric heater. Determine the smallest possible resistance \\ (R_ (2) \\) of this electric heater if it is known that when the two conductors with resistance \\ (R_ (1) \\) OM and \\ (R_ (2) \\) Ohm are connected in parallel, their total resistance is given by the formula \\ (R_ ((\\ text (total))) = \\ frac ((R_ (1) R_ (2))) ((R_ (1) + R_ (2))) \\) (Ohm), and for normal operation the total resistance in it must be at least 30 ohms. The answer is expressed in ohms.
Answer:

Task number: 42093. Prototype №:
   In the electrical outlet, devices are connected, the total resistance of which is \\ (R_ (1) = 36 \\) Ohm. In parallel with them in the socket it is supposed to connect an electric heater. Determine the smallest possible resistance \\ (R_ (2) \\) of this electric heater if it is known that when the two conductors with resistance \\ (R_ (1) \\) OM and \\ (R_ (2) \\) Ohm are connected in parallel, their total resistance is given by the formula \\ (R_ ((\\ text (total))) = \\ frac ((R_ (1) R_ (2))) ((R_ (1) + R_ (2))) \\) (Ohm), and for normal operation the total resistance in it must be at least 28 ohms. The answer is expressed in ohms.
Answer:

Task number: 42095. Prototype №:
   In the electrical outlet are connected devices, the total resistance of which is \\ (R_ (1) = 96 \\) Ohm. In parallel with them in the socket it is supposed to connect an electric heater. Determine the smallest possible resistance \\ (R_ (2) \\) of this electric heater if it is known that when the two conductors with resistance \\ (R_ (1) \\) OM and \\ (R_ (2) \\) Ohm are connected in parallel, their total resistance is given by the formula \\ (R_ ((\\ text (total))) = \\ frac ((R_ (1) R_ (2))) ((R_ (1) + R_ (2))) \\) (Ohm), and for normal operation The total resistance in the mains must be at least 32 ohms. The answer is expressed in ohms.
Answer:

Task number: 42097. Prototype №:
In the electrical outlet, devices are connected, the total resistance of which is \\ (R_ (1) = 18 \\) Ohm. In parallel with them in the socket it is supposed to connect an electric heater. Determine the smallest possible resistance \\ (R_ (2) \\) of this electric heater if it is known that when the two conductors with resistance \\ (R_ (1) \\) Om and \\ (R_ (2) \\) Ohm are connected in parallel, their total resistance is given by the formula \\ (R_ ((\\ text (total))) = \\ frac ((R_ (1) R_ (2))) ((R_ (1) + R_ (2))) \\) (Ohm), and for normal operation The total resistance in the mains must be at least 14 ohms. The answer is expressed in ohms.
Answer:

Task number: 42099. Prototype №:
   In the electrical outlet, devices are connected, the total resistance of which is \\ (R_ (1) = 105 \\) Ohm. In parallel with them in the socket it is supposed to connect an electric heater. Determine the smallest possible resistance \\ (R_ (2) \\) of this electric heater if it is known that when the two conductors with resistance \\ (R_ (1) \\) Om and \\ (R_ (2) \\) Ohm are connected in parallel, their total resistance is given by the formula \\ (R_ ((\\ text (total))) = \\ frac ((R_ (1) R_ (2))) ((R_ (1) + R_ (2))) \\) (Ohm), and for normal operation the total impedance in it must be at least 60 ohms. The answer is expressed in ohms.
Answer:

Task number: 42101. Prototype №:
   In the electrical outlet, devices are connected, the total resistance of which is \\ (R_ (1) = 55 \\) Ohm. In parallel with them in the socket it is supposed to connect an electric heater. Determine the smallest possible resistance \\ (R_ (2) \\) of this electric heater if it is known that when the two conductors with resistance \\ (R_ (1) \\) Om and \\ (R_ (2) \\) Ohm are connected in parallel, their total resistance is given by the formula \\ (R_ ((\\ text (total))) = \\ frac ((R_ (1) R_ (2))) ((R_ (1) + R_ (2))) \\) (Ohm), and for normal operation the total resistance in it must be at least 30 ohms. The answer is expressed in ohms.
Answer:

Task number: 42103. Prototype №:
   In the power outlet are connected devices, the total resistance of which is \\ (R_ (1) = 40 \\) Ohm. In parallel with them in the socket it is supposed to connect an electric heater. Determine the smallest possible resistance \\ (R_ (2) \\) of this electric heater if it is known that when the two conductors with resistance \\ (R_ (1) \\) Om and \\ (R_ (2) \\) Ohm are connected in parallel, their total resistance is given by the formula \\ (R_ ((\\ text (total))) = \\ frac ((R_ (1) R_ (2))) ((R_ (1) + R_ (2))) \\) (Ohm), and for normal operation the total resistance in it must be at least 15 ohms. The answer is expressed in ohms.
Answer:

Task number: 42105. Prototype №:
   In the electrical outlet, devices are connected, the total resistance of which is \\ (R_ (1) = 36 \\) Ohm. In parallel with them in the socket it is supposed to connect an electric heater. Determine the smallest possible resistance \\ (R_ (2) \\) of this electric heater if it is known that when the two conductors with resistance \\ (R_ (1) \\) Om and \\ (R_ (2) \\) Ohm are connected in parallel, their total resistance is given by the formula \\ (R_ ((\\ text (total))) = \\ frac ((R_ (1) R_ (2))) ((R_ (1) + R_ (2))) \\) (Ohm), and for normal operation the total impedance in it must be at least 27 ohms. The answer is expressed in ohms.
Answer:

Task number: 42107. Prototype №:
   In the electrical outlet are connected devices, the total resistance of which is \\ (R_ (1) = 96 \\) Ohm. In parallel with them in the socket it is supposed to connect an electric heater. Determine the smallest possible resistance \\ (R_ (2) \\) of this electric heater if it is known that when the two conductors with resistance \\ (R_ (1) \\) Om and \\ (R_ (2) \\) Ohm are connected in parallel, their total resistance is given by the formula \\ (R_ ((\\ text (total))) = \\ frac ((R_ (1) R_ (2))) ((R_ (1) + R_ (2))) \\) (Ohm), and for normal operation The total resistance in the mains must be at least 24 ohms. The answer is expressed in ohms.
Answer:

Go to the page: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204

42090 42092 42094 42096 42098 42100 42102 42104 42106 42108

People often need the services of professional masters. Finding a good electrician is difficult. After all, rarely we turn to the electricians only in order to hang a new chandelier or replace the switch with a socket. However, it is this situation that will help you to monitor the quality of specialist services and turn to it in the future with a broader and more responsible range of tasks.

Articles

• The call of an electrician is inexpensive and operative - our prerogative

  Nowadays, when almost everything is electrified, apartment buildings, cottages, cottages, storage facilities, there is always a demand for the services of a good electrician. If you need to conduct an electrician from scratch, and even inexpensive, it is worth looking for an electrician in your area, so as not to pay separately for the call. To date, a lot of proposals for the provision of low-cost services in the construction sector, and in particular, it is the services of an electrician.

• Who do you need - an electrician or even an electrician?

  Let's try to figure out who is an electrician and how it differs from a simple electrician. Both an electrician and an electrician seem to be engaged in the same thing, but when something happens to a household electrician in a private house, apartment or cottage, an electrician is required, not an electrician.

  An electrician is a master who knows well the apartment wiring and has experience of a purely domestic character.

• Turnkey repair: the sequence of work, or why a replacement for an electrician should be entrusted to a professional

  Today in Moscow, a huge selection of services. Now we are talking, first of all, about the services of an electrician. Calling an electrician in Moscow is both simple and difficult at the same time. People who position themselves as electricians, a lot. There is a demand for electrician services, and here - please; there is an offer ...

  But there are not so many professional electricians. After all, laying electric can almost any master station wagon. But even the electrician household (apartment electrician) has a huge number of nuances that only a qualified electrician knows.

Electrician: Do it yourself or a frequent occurrence of a malfunction in the household electrical system

In this article, we will look at some of the problems associated with electricity. There is a joke of electricians and radio technicians: "electricity is the simplest, since there are only two malfunctions. 1. There is a contact where it should not be. 2. There is no contact where it should be. " This is indeed the case, but in order to identify these very faults, there are a number of techniques with which you can identify and eliminate the breakdown.

Malfunctions of electrical equipment are as follows:

1. The socket does not work.
2. No light.
3. Spark outlet.
4. The light is flashing.
5. The neighbors flooded and the light went out.

1. The outlet may not work due to:

a) Lack of contact in the outlet itself. In this case, it is necessary to disconnect the automats in the main electrical board, and pull up the contacts in a faulty outlet, or even better replace the outlet with a new one.

b) The machine is stuck in the electrical switchboard, but with this breakdown, no outlet in the apartment will work. And with this malfunction, it is necessary to replace the broken machine. But the replacement of the machine is a work connected with risk, because in city electric boards voltage 380 volts, and the phase brought to the machine from above, can not be disconnected in any way, i.e. work will have a voltage of 220 volts, and next will be a different phase, and between the two phases, the voltage is just 380 volts. Here you need a certain skill and utmost attention. The main thing that you need to know is that all contacts, wherever they are, whether it be an automatic machine, a socket, a switch, a chandelier, must be well tightened.

c) Weakening of the zero contact in the electrical board. In this case, you will again need to repair the electrical panel, only not the replacement of the machine, but a new connection of the burnt wire to the zero bus. With this event, you need to disconnect the machines to zero wire   there was no load, otherwise, the wire will spark, and you may be electrocuted.

d) Detach the loop in a different outlet. All sockets in the apartment are connected in parallel, the wiring goes from one outlet to the other. And to determine in which outlet the contact has gone, you need to check all the sockets, alternately connecting to them any device, for example a table lamp. A defective contact will be in the last working outlet. Yes, yes it was in the last working socket, the contact went away and the next one does not work.

e) Contact rupture, for example, you drilled a wall or floor, and the bass socket disconnected, and even knocked out the machine, if of course it was working. So the contact was cut from the drill by a drill, or a drill from a drill. Here it is necessary to disconnect the machine gun on the shield, and cut this place in the wall or in the floor, and repair the wire. And if you hollow the wall, and even more so the floor, it is not possible, then we must think how to wire a wire to a non-working socket. There is only two options: from the electrical panel, or from another outlet.

2. If you have lost the light (the top lighting of the whole apartment, or one room).

If there is no light in the whole apartment, then most likely you will again need to replace the automatic machines, or rather replace the machine, to which the line of the upper lighting of the apartment is connected.

And in the absence of electricity in one chandelier, you need to check the contact, connect the chandelier to the wiring coming from the ceiling, or contact the switch itself.

But it is impossible to exclude the search of a drop-box, if the contact has left in it. This is a relatively time-consuming exercise, but it still costs to try, if the rest does not help. This will be considered in paragraph 5. of this article.

3. If you have a spark outlet, you must replace the outlet with a new one. If the outlet is not only sparking but also cracking, then you need to change the outlet as soon as possible. And you can change the outlet yourself, having previously turned off the corresponding machine. The main thing when replacing the outlet, do not mix up the contacts, as a rule, there are four. When dismantling an old outlet, it is necessary to remember, or even better mark the contacts, so that when installing a new outlet, all connections are in the originally established sequence.

4. Does the light flash? Also not a problem. We ate in the same room, then it's the switch, or the chandelier's connection. If the whole apartment, then you need to replace the machine, or you need a repair box.

5. What to do when the neighbors flooded, resulting in the loss of light. This phenomenon occurs after flooding with water. Water enters the hinged boxes and very soon a short circuit occurs, which breaks the contacts responsible for the lighting. First of all, it is necessary to find this most soldering box, they are usually located closer to the ceiling, and can be seen. But there are cases when the boxes are hidden on the mezzanines, and even worse if they are walled. Here, of course, it is necessary to know the conduct of electrical networks in the apartment, or intuition. But to look for a hinged box you need above all above the switch.

When repairing the hoods, you need to know what kind of contacts and lines it consists of.

To indicate the lines, we will use numbers.

To denote veins (there can be 2 or 3 veins in the line), we will use letters where F is the phase H.-zero

In. - Incoming, Ex. - outgoing. For simplicity, we assume that the current goes in one direction from phase to zero (although in fact this is a very controversial issue).

So, what we have in the box:

1. The incoming line has F. and H.

2. The line going to single-key switch   has F. in. and F. ref. (Fiber optic connection is connected to F. from 1. line.)

3. The line going to the chandelier has F. and H. obtained: H. from 1. line, (F. from F. out with 2 lines.)

In other words 1. F. came from the shield, hit the 2.F.Vh., after the switch came to 2.F.is.popala to 3.F. after the chandelier it is already 2.N. came to 1.N. and went to the guard.

This is the principle of the most simple and unpainted box. But we must bear in mind that when working with hooded boxes, you can not do without marking contacts, otherwise you can mix up the contacts, and the repair of the hinged box can drag on for another three hours.

But best of all, before you make repairs to the hood, you need to draw on paper electrical circuit, and only then go to work.

Recent decisions

u84236168 ✎ Biotic factor - the impact of living organisms on each other. Abiotic factor - the impact of the inorganic environment on living organisms (chemical and physical). A) Increase in pressure is a physical factor, hence, we refer it to abiotic. B) The earthquake is a physical abiotic factor. C) The epidemic is caused by microorganisms, hence, the biotic factor. D) The interaction of wolves in the pack is a biotic factor. D) Competition between pines is a biotic factor, because pine - living organisms. Answer: 11222 to the task

u84236168 ✎ 1) It can be seen from the table that if the chicks in the nest are larger than 5, the proportion of surviving chicks is sharply reduced, hence we agree with this statement. 2) The death of the chicks in the table is not explained in any way, therefore, we can not say anything about this statement. 3) Yes, according to the table it can be seen that the smaller the egg laying, the higher the care of the offspring, so the highest percentage of surviving chicks (100%) correlates with their smallest number (1), so we agree with this statement. 4) According to the fourth statement, we do not have any exact information + the proportion of surviving chicks is decreasing, which means that we disagree with this statement. 5) The table does not contain information on the number of eggs in the masonry, and therefore we ignore this statement. Answer: 1, 3. to the problem

u84236168 ✎ A) Cactus spines and Barberry barbs are plant organs, an example is used in the comparative anatomical method of studying evolution. B) Remains are fossilized parts of ancient living beings, whose study is engaged in the science of paleontology, therefore, it is a paleontological method. C) Phylogeny is the process of the historical development of nature and of individual organisms. In the phylogenetic series of a horse, its ancient ancestors may be, hence, it is a paleontological method. D) Mnogosokovost person refers to the comparative-anatomical method, t. the norm (two nipples) and atavism are compared. D) The appendix in humans is a rudiment, therefore, here too, the norm and rudiment are compared. Answer: 21122 to the task

u84236168 ✎ 1) The speed can not be directly proportional, otherwise, if the temperature is lowered, the rate would be strictly increased, which we do not observe on the graph. 2) About the resources of the environment on the graph, nothing is said, so we can not say anything about this statement. 3) There is no information about the genetic program on the graph, therefore, we can not say anything either. 4) It can be seen from the graph that the reproduction rate increases at an interval of 20 to 36 degrees, next, with this statement we agree. 5) The graph shows that after 36 degrees the speed drops, so we agree with this statement. Answer: 4, 5. to the problem

u84236168 ✎ In this illustration, the external auditory meatus, tympanic membrane and snail (as seen in the form) are indicated correctly. Other elements: 3 - inner ear chamber, 4 - hammer, 5 - anvil. Answer: 1, 2, 6. to the problem

The kitchen is considered the most "voracious" consumer of electricity - in fact in this room is concentrated 75-90% of all home appliances. The total capacity of kitchen electrical equipment can be 12-16 kW. That's why it's so important correct connection   all appliances in the kitchen - otherwise its performance will be zero.

You need to make the connection of the equipment according to a pre-compiled project. After all it will be necessary to choose in advance a place for, oven, refrigerator, hoods, the hob   and, according to this, determine where each outlet will be installed. It is important that the places of connection of equipment to the power grid are located so that they are easily accessible, but at the same time not in sight.

What you need to know when connecting equipment to the electrical network

Connecting any technique in the kitchen requires laying electrical cable. It can be implemented in 2 ways:

• hidden, that is, in the wall;
• surface - in the protective box.

The best way is considered a hidden method, but it requires preliminary planning, through which you can distribute the load to the mains.

The difference will also be in the case if it is not the usual one, but. For the built-in hood, oven, microwave oven, functionality and decorativeness are characteristic. In addition, this way of locating equipment in the kitchen is considered incredibly economical in terms of spatial organization. It is important not only to produce, furnaces and so on, but also to protect the premises from possible emergency situations associated with wiring. To do this, the guard is supplemented with a fuse - it will cut off electricity throughout the apartment if the voltage exceeds the permissible values.

It is also necessary to consider the power of appliances in the kitchen - for a microwave oven, oven, hob, hood, it can vary from 1 to 6 kW. Depending on this, it is determined which socket and plug is required to connect this or that device. It is clear that these components must have a "euro" execution.

  Important! Some experts propose to exclude a bunch "plug-socket" from electrical network, making the connection of appliances in the kitchen directly using the terminals. They argue that this type of connection increases the reliability of the electrical network. In fact, this connection is dangerous - the owner of the room should always be able to independently disconnect the device from the network.

If the connection of appliances with a large energy consumption (for example, a powerful hood, an oven, a hob) is done in an apartment with old wiring, then for each individual product its own wiring from a suitable cable is mounted.

There are also special recommendations for connecting the oven and hob - for them, a power outlet is mandatory. In addition, do not forget that the hob is connected only after the countertop is installed.

  Also see our other materials:

Basic rules for installing and selecting outlets

In most cases, each apartment already has an old power grid with outlets, but they are inconvenient and do not allow you to transfer equipment to the desired location. And so the installation of new furniture, hob and oven is accompanied by the transfer of sockets. It may be necessary and the addition of sockets in the kitchen - for example, for a microwave oven.

Each outlet in the kitchen is installed in accordance with the following recommendations.