Pulse ignition device with your own hands. Connecting a dnath lamp.

Artificial light sources, which use the electric discharge of a gaseous medium in mercury vapor to generate light waves, are called gas discharge mercury lamps.

The gas pumped into the cylinder can be under low, medium or high pressure. Low pressure is used in lamp designs:

linear fluorescent;

compact energy-saving:

bactericidal;

quartz crystals.

High pressure is used in lamps:

arc mercury phosphor (DRL);

metallogenic mercury with radiating additives (DRI) of metal halides;

arc sodium tubular (DNaT);

arc sodium mirror (DNa3).

They are installed in those places where it is necessary to cover large areas with low energy costs.

Lamp DRL

Design Features

The device of a lamp using four electrodes is schematically shown in the picture.

Its base, as with conventional models, serves to connect to the contacts when screwed into the socket. The glass bulb tightly protects all internal elements from external influences. It injected nitrogen and placed:

quartz burner;

electrical conductors from the socket contacts;

two current-limiting resistors, mounted in a chain of additional electrodes

layer of phosphor.

The burner is made in the form of a sealed quartz glass tube with injected argon, into which are placed:

two pairs of electrodes - the main and additional electrodes, located at opposite ends of the bulb;

a small droplet of mercury.

Argon is a chemical element that belongs to inert gases. It is obtained in the process of air separation with deep cooling and subsequent rectification. Argon is a monatomic gas without color and odor, density of 1.78 kg / m3, tkip = -186 ° С. Argon is used as an inert medium in metallurgical and chemical processes, in welding technology (see), as well as in signal, advertising and other lamps giving a bluish light.
   Principle of operation of DRL lamps

The source of light DRL is the discharge of an electric arc in an argon medium, flowing between the electrodes in a quartz tube. It arises under the influence of the voltage applied to the lamp in two stages:

1. Initially, between the closely located main and igniting electrodes, a glow discharge begins due to the motion of free electrons and positively charged ions;

2. the formation of a large number of charge carriers inside the burner cavity leads to a rapid breakdown of the nitrogen medium and the formation of an arc through the main electrodes.

Stabilization of the starting mode (electric current of the arc and light) requires a time of the order of 10 ÷ 15 minutes. In this interval, the DRL generates loads significantly exceeding the currents of the nominal regime. For their limitation is applied.

The arc radiation in mercury vapor has a blue and violet hue and is accompanied by powerful ultraviolet radiation. It passes through the phosphor, mixes with the spectrum it forms and creates a bright light, close to the white shade.

DRL is sensitive to the quality of the supply voltage, and when it drops to 180 volts it goes out and does not ignite.

During the creation of a high temperature, transmitted the entire structure. It affects the quality of the contacts in the cartridge and causes the heating of the connected wires, which because of this is used only with heat-resistant insulation.

When the lamp is operating, the pressure of the gases in the burner greatly increases and complicates the conditions for breakdown of the medium, which requires an increase in the applied voltage. If the power is disconnected and fed, then immediately the lamp will not start: it needs to cool down.

Connection scheme of a lamp type DRL

The four-electrode mercury lamp is switched on through the throttle and.

The fuse-link protects the circuit against possible short-circuits, and the throttle limits the current passing through the medium of the quartz tube. Inductive resistance of the throttle is selected according to the power of the luminaire. Turning the lamp on without the throttle leads to its rapid burnout.

The capacitor included in the circuit compensates for the reactive component introduced by the inductance.

Lamp DRI

Design Features

The internal arrangement of the DRI lamp is very similar to that used in the DRL.

But in its burner introduced a certain dose of additives from the indium, sodium, thallium, or some other metal hapogenide. They allow increasing the allocation of light to 70 ÷ 95 lm / W and more with good color.

The flask is made in the form of a cylinder or ellipse, as shown in the figure below.

The material of the burner can be quartz glass or ceramics, which has better performance properties: less shading and longer service life.

The shape of the burner in the form of a ball, used in modern designs, increases the light output and brightness of the source.

Operating principle

The main processes that occur when the light of the DRI and DRL lamps are produced coincide. The difference is in the ignition circuit. DRI can not be started from the applied voltage of the network. This is not enough for her.

To create an arc discharge inside the burner, it is necessary to apply a high-voltage pulse to the interelectrode space. His education is entrusted to the IZU - a pulsed ignition device.

How it works

The principle of the device for creating a high-voltage pulse can be conditionally represented as a simplified circuit diagram.

The operating supply voltage is supplied to the input of the circuit. In the chain of diode D, resistor R and capacitor C, the charge current of the capacitor is created. At the end of the charge, a current pulse is transmitted through the capacitor through the opened thyristor switch to the winding of the connected transformer T.

A high-voltage pulse with a value of up to 2 ÷ 5 kV is created in the output winding of the transformer increasing the voltage. It enters the contacts of the lamp and creates an arc discharge of the gaseous medium, providing a glow.

Diagram of connection of a lamp type DRI

IZU devices are produced for gas-discharge lamps of two modifications: with two or three terminals. Each of them creates its own connection scheme. It is shown directly on the body of the unit.

When using a two-contact device, the phase of the network through the choke is connected to the central contact of the lamp socket and simultaneously to the corresponding terminal of the IZU.

The neutral wire is fed to the side contact of the cap and its terminal IZU.

In a three-pin device, the zero-connection circuit remains the same, and the phase input after the throttle changes. It is connected via the two remaining outputs to the IZU, as shown in the picture below: the input to the device is via the "B" terminal, and the output to the central contact of the cap is "Lp".

Thus, in the composition of ballasts (ballasts) for mercury lamps with radiating additives are mandatory:

throttle;

impulse charger.

The capacitor that compensates for the reactive power may be part of the ballast. Its inclusion determines the overall reduction in the energy consumption of the lighting device and the prolongation of the lamp's life with a properly sized capacitance.

Approximately its value in 35 uF corresponds to lamps with a power of 250 W, and 45 - 400 W. With an overestimated capacitance, resonance occurs in the circuit, which is manifested by the "flashing" of the lamp's light.

The presence of high voltage pulses in the operating lamp determines the use in the wiring diagram of exclusively high-voltage wires of the minimum length between the ballast and the lamp, not more than 1 ÷ 1.5 m.

Lamp of DRIZ

This is a kind of the above described DSR lamp, inside which the bulb is partially coated with a mirror coating to reflect light that forms a directed beam of rays. It allows you to focus the radiation on the illuminated object and reduce the light losses that result from re-reflections.

Lamp of DNA

Design Features

Inside the bulb of this discharge lamp, instead of mercury, sodium vapor is used in the environment of inert gases: neon, xenon or others, or mixtures thereof. For this reason they are called "sodium".

Due to such a modification of the device designers managed to give them the greatest efficiency of work, which reaches 150 lm / W.

The principle of action of DNA and DRI is the same. Therefore, the connection schemes are the same, and if the characteristics of the ballast match the lamp parameters, they can be used to ignite the arc in both designs.

However manufacturers of metal halogen and sodium lamps produce ballasts for specific types of their products and supply them in a single package. These gears are fully set up and ready for operation.

Diagrams for connecting lamps type DNaT

In some cases, the designs of ballasts for DNT can differ from the above DRI startup schemes and can be performed according to one of the three following schemes.

In the first case, the IZU is connected in parallel with the contacts of the lamp. After ignition of the arc inside the burner, the operating current does not flow through the lamp (see the circuit diagram of the IZU), which saves electricity consumption. In this case, the choke is affected by high-voltage pulses. Therefore, it is created with reinforced insulation to protect against ignition pulses.

Because of this, the parallel switching circuit is used with low power lamps and an ignition pulse of up to two kilovolts.

In the second scheme, an IZU operating without an impulse transformer is used, and high-voltage pulses are generated by a special design choke having a tap for connection to the lamp contact. The insulation of the windings of this throttle is also amplified: it is exposed to high voltage voltage.

In the third case, the method of series connection of the throttle, IZU and lamp contact is used. Here the high-voltage pulse from the IZU does not go to the choke, and the insulation of its windings does not require amplification.

The drawback of this scheme is that the IZU consumes an increased current, due to which its additional heating takes place. This makes it necessary to increase the dimensions of the structure, which exceed the dimensions of the previous schemes.

This third version of the design is most often used for the operation of the lamps DNaT.

In all circuits, it can be used by connecting the capacitor as shown in the circuit diagrams of the DRI lamps.

The listed schemes for the inclusion of high-pressure lamps using a gas discharge for luminescence have a number of disadvantages:

understated glow resource;

dependence on the quality of the supply voltage;

stroboscopic effect;

noise of the operating throttle and ballasts;

increased electricity consumption.

Most of these shortcomings are eliminated by the use of electronic launchers (electronic ballasts).

They allow not only to save up to 30% of electric power, but also have the ability to smoothly control the illumination. However, the cost of such devices is still quite high.

Sodium lamps in comparison with other sources of artificial lighting, show the highest efficiency - close to 30%. To save money, it is recommended to buy high-pressure bulbs. The light emitted by high-pressure sodium lamps makes it possible to distinguish colors in almost the entire range, excluding only the short-wave color, in which the color somewhat dims. Let's talk about the occurrence, use and connection of sodium lamps with our own hands today.

  Historical reference

The biggest contribution was made to street lighting by sodium high-pressure discharge lamps, which are the main obstacle for astronomical observations. Let's go into history to understand what they are. Tubular lamps that exhibit low mercury pressures were invented even in the prewar period.

Such fluorescent lamps are widely used quickly. But in sodium vapor it was not possible to get a discharge for a long time, this was explained by the low partial pressure of sodium at low temperature. After a set of technological tricks, sodium lamps were created, which operated at low pressure. But because of the complex design they are not widely used.

But the fate of sodium lamps, which work at high pressure, was more successful. The initial failed all attempts to create lamps in a shell of quartz glass. At a high temperature, the chemical activity of sodium increases and, as a consequence, the mobility of its atoms. Therefore, sodium in quartz burners penetrated quickly through the quartz, destroying the shell.

  The emergence of sodium lamps

The situation was radically changed in the early sixties, when the company "General Electric" patented the previously unknown ceramic material that is able to work in sodium vapor at high temperature. He received the name "lukalos". In our country, this ceramics is known to the inhabitants as "polikor".

This ceramics is produced by high-temperature sintering of aluminum oxide. For lighting purposes, only one modification of its crystal lattice is considered suitable: the alpha form of oxide, which has the densest packing of atoms in the crystal.

The sintering process of such a ceramic is very whimsical, because it must be chemically resistant to sodium vapor and must have high transparency so that most of the light is not lost in the walls of the discharge tube. The sodium vapor, which serves as a gas-discharge medium in sodium lamps, gives a bright orange light under a glow. From the presence of a sodium lamp in the use of the abbreviation DNAT, which means arc sodium lamps.

  Advantages and disadvantages of sodium lamps

Sodium lamps are twice as effective as conventional daylight lamps of similar power - this can be explained by the small dimensions of the radiator, the light rays from which are much easier to be directed to the right side and other design features.

In addition, using sodium arc lamps you can recreate a much greater illumination. Its ceiling for daylight devices reaches 50 watts per square foot, and with the help of sodium lamps, you can achieve 3 times more without any problems!

From the economic point of view, sodium lamps are more profitable - they need to be changed only once every six months, and 1 lamp of DNT-400 can successfully replace 20 LDS by 40 V. It is also much more convenient to work with medium ballast than with 15 small ones. Since electricity is used by sodium lamps twice as efficiently, when they are used, a certain result is achieved at half the cost.

The effectiveness of sodium light bulbs is directly dependent on the temperature of the environment, and this in turn slightly limits their use, because they shine less in cold weather. Also not entirely unambiguous is the fact that they are more environmentally friendly than mercury lamps, because in most sodium luminaires, the sodium and mercury-sodium amalgam compound is used as the filler.

  Use of sodium lamps

Typical facilities where sodium lamps are used are: highways, streets, squares, lanes, aerodromes, traffic intersections, sports facilities, construction sites, airports, stations, architectural structures, warehouses and industrial premises, pedestrian areas and roads, and additional sources lighting.

If you want to decorate your garden, you can buy sodium lamps, which you can find in your landscape design. Due to the characteristics of sodium lamps, warm and bright orange light is used for auxiliary purposes for a kind of decorative effect that simulates an open flame or a sunset.

Acquisition of sodium lamps is not improbable, if the owner grows sprouts, has a winter garden, a greenhouse or a greenhouse. Of course, sodium lamps of natural light and sunlight will not replace, but your plants do not depend on changes in weather conditions and cloudy days, provided the colors are illuminated with such lamps.

  The principle of the sodium lamp

A "burner" is located inside the external cylinder of the DVTT, a tube made of aluminum ceramic and filled with a rarefied gas, which creates an electric arc between the two electrodes.The torch is filled with sodium and mercury, and in order to limit the current, an inductive ballast or ballast is used .

For the ignition of a cold sodium lamp, the mains voltage is insufficient, so the principle of sodium lamp operation is the use of a special IZU-pulse ignition device. It immediately after switching on generates pulses with a voltage that is several thousand volts, which is guaranteed to create an arc. The main radiation flux is generated by sodium ions, so their light is characterized by a characteristic yellow color.

The burner heats up when working up to 1300 degrees Celsius, so the air is pumped out of the outer cylinder to keep it intact. At all without an exception of sodium lamps at functioning the temperature of a cylinder exceeds 100 degrees on Celsius. The lamp shines weakly after the appearance of the arc, all energy is expended on heating the burner. The brightness increases with warm-up and after ten minutes reaches the normal level.

  Types of sodium lamps

If more important for you is the economical work of light for a long time, then it is best to purchase low-pressure sodium lamps that are distinguished by high reliability in operation, light output over time and energy efficiency.

Sodium lamps are ideal for organizing street lighting, because they are able to radiate the familiar monochrome yellow for people, but they do not have sufficient transmission of the light spectrum.

For other purposes, the use of light bulbs is difficult, because the colors of objects that are illuminated by such a lamp can not be distinguished. Color perception of objects in an enclosed space is distorted (for example, green color is converted to dark blue or black), and the design of the premises is lost.

To save money, it is recommended to buy high-pressure sodium lamps. The connection of sodium high-pressure lamps is most suitable for sports halls, industrial and commercial complexes. The light emitted by high-pressure sodium lamps allows the colors to be distinguished in virtually the entire range, except for the short wave, in which colors can fade somewhat.

  Installation of sodium lamps

Sodium lamps have now been widely used in various sectors of the economy, but because of the lack of transmission of the color spectrum, they are most often used as street lighting. Sodium light bulbs, unlike metal-halide lamps, do not matter in what position to function.

However, based on many years of practice, it is considered that the horizontal position of the lamp is more effective, because it radiates the main stream of light to the sides. To connect any gas-discharge lamp, ballast is required. Sodium lamps in this sense are no exception, ballast is required for their "warm-up" and normal operation.

  Control gear

For sodium lamps, ballast is a ballast, an electronic ballast and a pulse ignition device. Undoubtedly, the best electronic gears are considered to be the right ones, which have a number of advantages over the inductive ones, they lose the last in value: at present their price is quite high.

The most common ballasts are ballast inductive chokes, which are necessary for limiting and stabilizing the current. The necessary ballast, which is connected to the lamp in the right way, is already there, so the connection scheme of the sodium lamps is reduced solely to supplying voltage to the lamp terminals.

To date, double-wound chokes are obsolete, so you should give preference to single-winding. Ordinary domestic production choke can be bought at the firm for about $ 10, and on the market - twice cheaper.

It must necessarily be designed specifically for DVT and have the same power as the lamp. It is necessary to put a "native" choke, otherwise the lamp can shorten several times the service life, or light output catastrophically fall. It is also possible to "blink" when the sodium lamp goes out immediately after warming up, then it cools down, and everything happens first.

  Pulse ignition device

IZU are required, as it was written above, to light the lamp. Manufacturers of IZU produce devices with 2 and 3 pins, therefore, the switching circuit of the sodium lamp may differ somewhat. But usually it is depicted on every body of the IZU. Of domestic IZU the most convenient is "UZU", it is suitable for lamps of any power and is able to work with all ballasts.

At the same time, it is possible to arrange UIZU next to the ballast and near the light bulb, connecting it to its contacts. The polarity when connecting the UIZU does not play a special role, but it is recommended that the "hot" red wire be connected to the ballast.

  Interference suppressor capacitor

Arc lamps are reactive power consumers, therefore it makes sense in some cases (in the absence of phase compensation) to include a noise suppressor capacitor C in the sodium lamp circuit, which significantly reduces the starting current and prevents unpleasant situations. For capacitors DNaT-250 (3A), the capacitance of the capacitor should be 35 mf, for the chokes DNaT-400 (4.4A) - up to 45 mf. Use dry type capacitors with a nominal voltage of 250 V.

Connections are usually made with a thick multicore wire of a large cross section, the network cable must also rely on a large current. Rations make reliable. Tighten the screws tightly, but without excessive force - so that the shoe can not be broken.

When self-connecting sodium lamps, it is worth considering such a recommendation - you should not allow the length of the wires that connect the ballast to the sodium lamp to be more than one meter.

  Security questions

If you collected the lamp yourself - make sure that the connection diagram is absolutely correct. If the wiring diagram is not drawn on your ballast, or the ballast / IZU does not match the number of legs, you should consult the seller of these parts or an experienced electrician. The consequences of such a mistake are catastrophic: the burning out of one of the three elements of the circuit, the knocking out of the plugs, the explosion of the lamp and the fire.

If the bulb of the sodium lamp has grease or dirt, it can burst due to uneven heating immediately after warming up. Therefore, do not touch the lamp with your hands and wipe it with alcohol, just in case, after installation in the cartridge. If drops of water or other liquids have fallen on the included lamp, then this provokes an explosion with 100% probability!

Using a fan, it is worth checking that it blows and rotates, where necessary. It is necessary to suspend the lamp reliably in order to avoid falling - the sodium lamp is heavy and can break something when it falls. When repairing the lamp, some measurements should be made on the device - do not do it yourself if you do not have sufficient experience with high voltage devices.

During the operation of the sodium lamp, wash the dust from the lamp and reflector once a month and check the condition of the fan. Sodium lamps should be changed every 4 to 6 months, since by the end of their useful life they have a significant drop in light output.

  Malfunctions of sodium lamps

Sodium lamps as they grow older become a habit of "blinking": the lamp turns on, as usual heats up, then goes out unexpectedly, and everything repeats after a while. If you notice such behavior behind your lamp - it is worth trying to change the light bulb. If the lamp change does not help - you need to measure the voltage in the network, maybe it is slightly lower than usual.

If the sodium lamp flashes irregularly - the reason is hidden in poor contact or power surges in the network. The most unpleasant situation is the closure in the ballast between turns of winding, then it must be changed. Sometimes new lamps may flash, but this will take several hours.

Often you can hear how the IZU cracks after switching on the lamp (a sign of work), but the lamp does not even light up. This happens most often because of a breakdown in the wire that goes to the lamp from the IZU, or speaks about a burnt out lamp. It may be to blame for the wire break between the flashlight and ballast or burnt IZU.

You can try changing the wire between the lamp and the IZU. Also it is worth paying attention to the contacts of the IZU and their condition. If it does not help, change the lamp. If this also does not help, turn off the IZU, because it is able to burn the voltmeter with its pulses, and measure the voltage on the lamp holder - it should correspond to the network voltage of the DVT. If the cartridge has voltage, change the IED.

If the sodium lamp does not give signs of life at all: it does not hum, the luminaire does not glow; most likely the contact cord is broken in the power cord or the fuse has been knocked out. Maybe burned IZU, or occurred in the ballast winding breakage - check the ballast, if it is whole - it is necessary to change the IZU.

The ballast can be checked with a conventional Ohm-meter. They have a normal resistance of 1-2 ohms. If the value is much larger, then there was a break in the winding or the contact between the terminal block and the winding leads was broken (tighten the screws).

Everything is more complicated with an interturn closure - it affects the DC resistance very little, so it is difficult to detect, and the lamp receives more power than necessary. When the sodium lamp is overdosed on power, the lamp overheats quickly and goes out, as a result, there may also be a "flashing".

Now you know how to connect a sodium lamp! In conclusion, it should be noted that arc sodium lamps are one of the most effective categories of visible radiation sources, because they are characterized by the highest light output among all gas discharge lamps known to man and a slight decrease in light flux with a long useful life.

For the ignition of gas-discharge lamps, including sodium ones, special equipment of ballasts (ballasts) will be required, since direct connection of DNAT lamps to the network is excluded.

The start-up equipment for sodium lamps (DNAT) includes:

1. IZU (pulse ignitor), which provides the start of a gas discharge lamp. At the moment of its inclusion, the IZU passes powerful impulses of high voltage to the electrodes, due to which breakdown occurs in the gas mixture of the bulb and ignition of the arc. After this, the delivery of explosives is stopped, however, as is the effect of a pulsed ignition device on the operation of a lamp;


2. Throttle. Although electronic ballasts are considered more productive, their cost is much more expensive than pulsed ones. Therefore, the most common and popular for connecting the lamp to DNAT is the inductive choke. The electric choke is presented in the form of a small block, which should correspond to the power consumption of the lamp. It limits and stabilizes the supply of current, has a strong resistance to any changes in it, maintains a decreasing current and prevents its growth, thereby ensuring the long operational properties of the lamp and high luminous efficiency.

Thus, the ballast provides standard heating and efficient operation of sodium lamps for the entire period of the manufacturer's stated time.

DNAT connection. The scheme

Different methods for connecting gas discharge lamps are possible, in this case DNAT: manufacturers of IZU can offer a design with two or even three contacts, with parallel, serial and even a semi-parallel type, which significantly changes the scheme of the DNAT connection. It is displayed on almost all devices of this type, which eliminates the error of installation.

The connection scheme for the DLAT lamp, as shown in the first figure, is designed for the presence of a compensating capacitor in it, which is connected in parallel to the power source. This is a dry type C capacitor, which is designed to compensate for the inductive component of the system-reducing the reactive power consumed, reducing the total energy consumption, and also extending the operational life of the finished product.

For example, to make a connection dLAT lamps   with a power of 250 W (3A), the capacity of the compensating capacitor is provided (the operating voltage is 250 V) of only 35 μF. This capacitance can be formed by means of several capacitors connected in parallel.

Sometimes capacity indicators can be provided by the manufacturer, but an extremely large increase can lead to resonance in the circuit, and, consequently, to an inefficient operation of the finished product.

If DNAT connection occurs independently, it is necessary to take into account the permissible value of the location of the IZU. It should be as close as possible to the socket of the product, while the length of the connecting wires in this zone should be minimal (permissible-maximum value is 1.5 m).

To ensure a high-quality and safe connection, use high-voltage ignition wires for special purposes.

Reviews

a guest   - 07 Feb 2014 23:58:53

Wash, the phase in the lamp, where you have zero.

Igor   - 08 Feb 2014 14:56:03

In fact, the lamp will work well for any connection of the phase and zero to its base.

But there is a nuance of security.
  And then you are right.
  In the drawings there is no cartridge in which the lamp is screwed.
  For clarity, I put it on the diagram.
  Assuming that you are unscrewing a burned out lamp and at the same time:

1. Phase is connected to the threaded part of the cartridge (as in the figures)
  2. You forgot to turn off the switch, or it opens zero, and not the phase

Then at the touch of the socle you will be well knocked.
  And if the phase is connected to the central contact of the cap, the chance of an electric shock is minimal.
  But personally, I would, twisting the lamp, holding on to her glass flask. When the power is off. And I would not have thought about the connected phase.
  But in any case, thanks for clarifying.

Vitaliy   - 18 Feb 2014 8:57:24

And what should the phrase "... manufacturers of IZU can offer a design with two or even three contacts ..."? All normal manufacturers of sodium lamps Philips, OSRAM, General Electric launch their sodium lamps exclusively in sequential or semi-parallel schemes, with the exception of lamps with a built-in igniter. And this means having exactly three contacts. A parallel igniter (which has two contacts) can not be used to start such lamps, since the vast majority of ballasts do not have protection from high-voltage pulses and will very quickly fail. Therefore, a parallel connection is used to start sodium low-pressure lamps or metal halide lamps designed to work with mercury ballast and do not require high-voltage starting pulses. Proceeding from this, I undertake to assert that scheme No. 2, composed precisely of these components, is not correct. The VS catalog, whose ballast is used for the example, can confirm this. The DeLyuks ignitor was used to start sodium lamps only in combination with the specially designed ballast for this scheme.
  What am I wrong about?

Alexey   - 02 Oct 2014 23:16:14

Hello, do not tell me the connection scheme for a low-pressure Philips sox-e 131w lamp?

When using a conventional circuit with a two-pin probe, it starts to twitch, but does not flare up

[email protected]

a guest   - 04 Nov 2014 11:48:27

all is perfectly flared with any circuit of connection of the igniter both parallel and sequential 3-pin !!!

Sergei   - 29 Nov 2014 10:08:52

Good day, could you suggest a connection scheme:
  1 gas-discharge sodium lamp lhp-t 100 watts
  2 studies 70-700 DNaT / 220V-02.uhl2 (2 contacts)
  3 control gear galad 1и250дрл44-033ухл1 (three contacts, and they are designated 1 2 3)
  thank you in advance

Photosynthesis is the cornerstone of plant nutrition. And the first half of this word "photo" unequivocally tells us about the participation of light in this process. While cultivating plants on hydroponics at home, you will inevitably encounter the need to create artificial lighting for your green plantations. I do not argue, there are conditions of natural illumination close to ideal: large windows, sunny side, no houses in front of windows, southern latitudes, eternal summer ... But in most cases, the need for minimum illumination artificial light is still there.

And we need to choose which type of artificial light to use. In addition to household criteria for choosing the type of lamps, such as cost, efficiency, ease of use, for Grover there is another important criterion - the spectrum of the lamp radiation. We already have spectra on our site, but, in short, the essence is that plants need light of certain wavelengths - mainly in the red and blue parts of the spectrum. And the lamps are very different in this indicator, and most of the lamps that exist in the modern market are being weeded out precisely because of this discrepancy. These include incandescent lamps, ultraviolet, most halogen lamps and some others.

Types of lamps for plants

But there are lamps more or less satisfying the needs of plants, and which are successfully used in domestic and industrial plant growing. These include:

• Some energy saving lamps.
     They are ineffective, but they can be used in close proximity to plants and a large number of lamps. Different "energy saving" are different in the spectrum, so you have to experiment with them, and choose those that plants respond best to.
• Fluorescent lamps.
     There are different spectra, suitable and not very. In plant growing it is recommended to use lamps T5 and T8. Also require close proximity to plants, and a large number of lamps. Often used as a supplement to the main light, or as the main lighting for growing seedlings.
• LEDs, LED.
  Recently appeared on the market and very promising, but at the moment, their active use is constrained by the high cost of lamps.
• Mercury lamps of high pressure, DRL.
     Can be used as the main light, but have their disadvantages: calling light output and high temperature.
• Metal-halogen lamps, MGL, DRI.
     Actively used as basic and additional lighting. In their spectrum have a lot of blue light, which is used by plants in the vegetative stage of growth. Therefore, these lamps are good for growing plants in which the green part is valued.
• High pressure sodium lamps, DNaT.
     The most popular and actively used lamps at the moment. The spectrum is well suited for growing fruit-bearing plants. Like other lamps, it also has its drawbacks: some drawback of the blue component of the spectrum (solved by other lamps), and strong heating during operation.

Running the DVaT

Due to its device, the LNaT lamp can not be connected directly to our home electrical network - the ignition of a cold lamp is not enough for the mains voltage. In addition, the arc current of the lamp is required to be limited. Therefore, LNaT lamps are used in conjunction with Start-regulating devices (Gear)   - electromagnetic ( Empra)   and electronic ( Electronic ballast).

In Western terminology, these devices are called ballasts - Magnetic Ballast and Digital Ballast, respectively. About electronic ballasts of foreign production, we can read in, and here we will consider the device and the process of self-assembly of electromagnetic ballast.

Arrangement and assembling of ballast - start-regulating device for LNaT lamp

So, in the PPA only three components are used:

• Inductive choke.   It just limits the arc current. Cost from 600 rubles, depends on the manufacturer, capacity. The power of the throttle should correspond to the power of the lamp. Those. for a DNT-250 lamp we are looking for a 250-watt choke in the store.
• IZU is a pulsed ignition device.   Immediately after switching on, it generates pulses with a voltage of several thousand volts, which create an arc. Cost from 300 rubles. When buying the same, pay attention to the power. IZU have a power range, for example 35-400 watts. Let's see that the power of our lamp falls into this range.
• Phase compensating capacitor.   This component can be omitted, but its use gives additional advantages. Cost from 150 rubles. The parameters of the capacitors will be discussed below.

When buying a choke and IZU, please check with the sellers whether the products they are offering are suitable for use with LNaT lamps. According to some information, different components are used for DLT lamps and DIR lamps. I will be glad to the competent opinion on this issue in the comments to this article.

All components can be found on sale in the electric market. Components exist both domestic and foreign (Israel, Germany) production. On the Internet, as usual, they abuse the domestic, and praise imported.

The control circuits are as follows:

Variants with two- and three-contact IZUs are presented - both of them are on sale. The third scheme shows a variant using a phase-compensating capacitor (in the diagram it is indicated FROM). In a circuit with a three-pin IZU, the capacitor is connected in exactly the same way, in parallel. On the IZU and on the throttle you will see similar schemes, but more detailed, with marking of contacts of your specific devices. Be sure to follow these markings! With sufficient care of problems during assembly should arise.

When assembling and using these circuits, it is necessary to pay attention to the wire on which the phase is fed. Studying materials on the Internet, I came to the conclusion that this is an important point (if I'm wrong, correct me in the comments). Solving this question, I marked the plug and the outlet, indicating the phase on them.

Also, when assembling the circuit it is convenient to use the colors of the wires. This speeds up the installation, and eliminates the need to call them. The rules are as follows:

• Working Zero (N) - blue, sometimes red.
• Phase (L)   - can be white, black, brown.
• Zero Protective Conductor (PE)   - yellow-green color.

To connect three wires at one point (zero from the lamp, from the IZU and from the plug), it is convenient to use a three-pin terminal strip.

All electrical connections are made with a thick stranded wire, soldering (if any) must be reliable. Screws in the connecting blocks should be tightened tightly, but without excessive force - so as not to break the shoe.

Here is what the assembled ballast for DNT-250 looks like:

Condenser in gear box

You probably noticed that I did not use a capacitor in my circuit. Unfortunately, I just did not find it on sale. What is the use of a capacitor in the PRA circuit for DNT, because the circuits work without it? The bottom line is that using a phase compensating capacitor can reduce the load on your home electrical wiring and the circuit of your lighting device in particular. More detailed and very revealing about the advantages of using a phase-compensating capacitor you will be told on this video.

The capacity of the capacitor for our circuit is selected according to the following table:

Lamp powerCondenser 220 V ~ 50 Hz150 W20 μF250 W32 μF400 W45 μF600 W60 μF1000 W85 μF

Security

In connection with the design features of the DNT lamp, in the experiments with it and its further use, precautions should be observed:

• You can not turn off the lamp immediately after turning it on.   She must burn a minute or two. After a momentary shutdown, the lamp "hangs", and does not turn on. To turn on, you need to disconnect the lamp from the mains and let it "rest".
• Ensure the lamp is well ventilated.   The temperature of the working lamp DNaT far exceeds 100 degrees C (according to some sources, up to 1000 degrees!). Therefore, good ventilation is not only a guarantee of good self-awareness of your "rastishek", but also your personal safety. Do not touch the working lamp and its reflector.
• Try not to touch the lamp in principle.   Before installation, wipe the lamp with a clean soft cloth, do not grasp the lamp with your bare hands. It is best to use cloth gloves. The fact is that due to the same high temperature, any foreign deposits (fats, water) on the bulb of the lamp can cause it to explode. The network writes a lot about this, but here you are great video   about this theme.
• Depending on the power, ballast can also be very hot   - from 80 to 150 degrees. Therefore, you need to somehow solve the problem of protection from the heat of ballast. Let's say, isolate the ballasts in a reliable fireproof case, prevent paper, fabric, dry leaves from getting onto it.
• Observe general safety precautions when working with electricity.   Eliminate the possibility of getting water on the ballast, take it away and hang it up. The wires must be completely insulated, it is better to use a special wire for harsh conditions. Remember that at the moment of ignition of the lamp, the IZU generates pulses of very high voltage. This is apart from the "ordinary" 220 volts, which are present throughout the circuit.

GORSHKOFF.TV

In this article, I mentioned several times a video from a wonderful channel on YouTube GORSHKOFF.TV   . Perhaps, this is the best popular science (I'm not afraid of this word) channel devoted to hydroponics, from those that I met! I very much recommend that you review all the videos of the channel, and I look forward to the appearance of new cognitive materials, and also express my deep gratitude for this activity personally

In 2012 Novazavod LLC started serial production IZU for DnaT lamps   and DRI (IPF). The ruler produced by the IZU covers all types of lamps, both in power: from 35W to 2000W, and by the type of socle: E27 and E40. Also, a special series of IZU-Agro is produced, designed to launch 400/600 W DnaZ lamps widely used in greenhouses and having a specific "tight ignition".

Compliance with GOST R IEC 926-98, GOST R IEC 927-98

The advantages of IZU "Novazavod" in comparison with the analogues produced:

• use of the components of the world's leading manufacturer NXP (Philips);
• automatic assembly of components on the board using MYDATA MY-9 equipment (Sweden);
•   the use of inductive components that are the heart of the EPCOS (TDK) with a closed loop makes it possible to calibrate the power of the IZU with an accuracy of 5% for each type of lamp;
•   The pulse amplitude control and its shape is maintained on an HP Hewlett-Packard oscilloscope.
  

All of the above, as well as practically absent "manual labor" makes it possible to produce IZU at the level of the world's leading counterparts with a failure of 0.5% and 18 months warranty.

The ideal pulse shape, adjusted for each type of lamp, allows a "soft start" mode, which prolongs lamp life up to 2 times.

Example of designation IZU for DNA   when ordering: IZU-100/400 - Pulse Ignition Device for LNaT lamps with power from 100 to 400 W.

Price for products atAug 30, 2017. Certificate of Conformity No. РОСС RU. AV86.N01670

The prices are valid for long-term deliveries or for a one-time order of 200 pcs.

Pulsed ignition devices - IZU are designed for ignition of high-pressure discharge lamps of sodium type DnaT and metal halide type DRI (MGL) when they are switched on together with ballasts. There are IZU for operation with a voltage of 220V and a voltage of 380V (usually for lamps with a power of more than 1000 W). The power of DnaT, Dri from 35 to 2000 watts. The most common in street lighting: IZU 250 for DnaT lamps, DRI: 100W-400W., In the greenhouse lighting: IZU 600W - IZU 1000   Tues. As a rule, they are used in, lighting fixtures, spotlights with a sodium lamp

Usually, the STS is divided into three types:
  With two pins, also called parallel type, the simplest circuitry,
  are made from the early 80's. - simultaneously with the appearance of lamps DNaT, Wiring diagram   - Fig.1. But despite the simplicity and reliability of such IZU, they have a number of problems that are not solved in these schemes:
  - failure of the IZU in the absence of a lamp or if a burnt llama is installed.

Exit from standing gear, because pulses from IZU to 5 kV are fed continuously and windings
  throttle sooner or later burn out. The solution for protecting the ballast exists - installation
  Ballasts with thermal protection, but in connection with its high cost and the absence of Russian GOSTs
  on its mandatory installation, put it extremely rarely. Buy IU   obsolete type is simpler, but it will further affect the costs when servicing the lamp in general.
  -The distance from IZU to the ballast is limited to 1-2 meters.

With three leads or "serial type." Connection diagram iED devices   of the serial type is shown in Fig. Benefits:
  the operability of IZU and gear in the absence or combustion of a lamp.
  - The distance is unlimited.
  A huge minus: by the end of the life of the lamp, the rectifying effect begins to manifest, which leads to abnormal operation of the ballast, the IZU also works continuously, trying to light the lamp, which leads to the exit from standing of the entire system IZU-PRA

The most modern IWS of both types have a digital timer that turns off the IED in a given time in the following cases:

No lamp

The lamp is burnt out.

An unsuccessful attempt to ignite an old, abnormal lamp.

Price of IZU   in this case it grows by 40-60% of the price of conventional IZU, but an increase in the value in absolute terms by 30-50 rubles leads to a huge gain in the operation of the entire PRA-IUU system - Lamp
  Usually IZU are divided according to the power of the lamps: For example IZU 400   - IZU 600, as well as the most modern ones, in the type of lamp cap E27, E14. The pulse amplitude ranges from 2.5 kV to 5 kV, depending on the type of cap and lamp power, which greatly increases its life.

In summary, all of the above can be defined as:

1 Switching ignition devices IZUfor DnaT, DRI, DNaZ, DRiZparallel type

Pulsed ignition devices IZU are designed for ignition of high-pressure discharge lamps of type DnaT (arc sodium), DRE (arc metal halogen) with a power from 70 to 2000 W. Ignition mode of the lamps is provided by the IZU when switched on with an EMPP - Electromagnetic Start-Up Regulator, a "throttle" in an AC mains network with a rated frequency of 50 Hz, 220-230V.

A distinctive feature of the devices that are on the market:

a) high igniting power;

b) the lowest maintenance cost.

2. Switching ignition devices IZUfor DnaT, DRI   sequential type

Pulsed ignition devices IUU are intended for ignition of high-pressure discharge lamps of the type DNaT, DRI with power from 70 to 1000 W. The ignition mode of the lamps is provided by the IZU when switched on with the EMPA - the Electromagnetic Start-Up Regulator, the "throttle" in the AC mains network with a nominal frequency of 50 Hz, 220-230V. A feature of this IZU from the presented on the market is the use of cores for pulse transformers made of a special EPCOS alloy, which exceeds the cores of the same technical specifications in many times.