Metrological verification of an individual meter of electrical energy. Verification of electricity meters: types of operation and procedure, calibration intervals.

Electricity is consumed in every apartment building or apartment in different ways. To maintain a record of electricity consumption, special devices are installed. With a certain periodicity it is necessary to check these devices. Verification of the electric meter is a mandatory procedure for monitoring the operability of the device and confirming its suitability for future use. The essence of this control is to compare the readings of the device with the approved standard. After all, according to the laws of the Russian Federation, which says "On the supply of the integrity of measurements" (No. 102) and "On the conservation of energy, improving its efficiency and on introducing amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation" (No. 231), only those meters that can be used have passed the test. In this article we will tell you how the calibration of electricity meters is being carried out, what are the terms of the work and who should pay for the services.

Method of work execution

Electricity meters are of different models, according to which and develops its own method of control counting. The general procedure is as follows:

1. Examination at home. This includes a check for deformation, various contusions of the hull.
2. Check for durability of electrical insulation with constant and alternating voltage.
3. Control of the correct operation of the counting mechanism in the register. To do this, connect the meter for 15 minutes to a power source for warm-up. By the way, about that, we told in the relevant article.
4. Confirmation of lack of self-propelled gun. An electricity meter that does not have a self-propelled (by its design) is not subjected to such a check.
5. Checking the sensitivity threshold of the device.

There are two types of verification:

• Primary. It is carried out by the manufacturer before use.
• Periodic. It is carried out in the course of operation after the expiration of the period between the calibration periods.

The frequency of checking the electricity meters depends on the model of the device and on unforeseen situations. For example, an extraordinary inspection can be carried out in the event of a new instrument change, or in case of loss of the verification certificate by the consumer.

You can find out how the work is done on the verification bench from this video:

Timing of verification

Any electricity meter must have a certificate or passport that indicates the date of the last check. In addition, the date of acquisition of the mechanism and the date of the initial and periodic review (the inter-calibration interval is indicated) are prescribed. In the passport of the device must be indicated after how many years it is necessary to do the next verification. As a rule, the interval between the show varies from 6 to 15 years.

Electricity, which is considered a special sensor, must be calculated correctly. Therefore, according to the law, there is a certain period during which the counter shows the correct data. For example, for a mechanical induction device with a disk, this period is 8 years, and the current electric meter has a validity period of up to 16 years. Also it should be remembered that the term of control depends on the model of the device.

Who pays?

Electricity and its accounting are checked by the Metrology Standardization Center (FMC). It is a special metrology institution that has accreditation for this type of activity.

Who should plan the audit and at whose expense is it carried out? The entire procedure for monitoring and recording the electrical sensor lies with the owner of the device. It must independently deliver the electricity meter to any standardization center. Only in advance it is necessary to agree the date of delivery. Verification can be carried out earlier, if the owner has independently manifested in this desire (for example, if he had suspicions about the correctness of the testimony).

The fact that the time has come for mandatory control of the electricity meter, Energosbyt reports, which sends out notices to all consumers.

Verification is performed on a planned basis and is carried out at the expense of the owner of the device using the following algorithm:

1. The owner of the device, after receiving the notification, independently removes the counter and brings it to the FMC.
2. At the end of the procedure, an inspection report comes to the territorial office of Energosbyt.
3. Energosbyt, in turn, certifies the permit for operation and enters the electricity meter into the settlement book.
4. If the meter does not meet the required parameters, then it must be changed to a new device.

Important!  The consumer has the full right to independently choose the organization that carries out the inspection. After all, it is important for him that the services provided will be of high quality.

Average cost of the procedure

Electricity is consumed by every resident of the country. And according to the law, all the costs that arise during the operation of the accounting mechanism (maintenance, verification, its integrity and integrity, etc.) are carried out by the owner of the device. And this means that the procedure is fully paid by the owner of the electric meter. This is indicated in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 442 of 04 May 2012, paragraph 145.

Electricity, which is consumed by the consumer, is considered a special meter. Its verification is carried out by various organizations. And depending on the firm, the cost will be different. Below are the prices of one of the laboratories in Moscow:

• single-phase induction device - 284 rubles;
• single-phase electronic device - 530 rubles;
• three-phase induction device - 470 rubles;
• three-phase electronic device - 691 rubles;
• urgent procedure (5 workdays) - the cost is 25% more;
• urgent procedure (3 workdays) - the cost is increased by 50%;
• urgent procedure (1 workday) - 100% of the cost is paid extra.

If you carry out a check without removing the device, then it will cost more, as it will be necessary to pay for the call of the master and his work. But this option is not so troublesome, because the counter does not need to be removed.

The electric meter is considered the property of the person in whose house it is installed. Therefore, the owner should keep all the documents in his possession. This and all that we wanted to tell you about how the calibration of electricity meters, what the timing of the procedure and how much it costs!

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Electricity in each house and apartment is spent in different ways. Accounting for consumption is carried out using special meters that periodically require verification. Verification is an obligatory procedure for checking the correctness of the meter operation and confirming the suitability for its further use. The operation of counters that have not been tested is not allowed.

The need for calibration of electricity metering devices is enshrined in Federal Law No. 102 "On ensuring the uniformity of measurements". The same document defines the procedure for carrying out verification and the requirements for organizations that have the right to implement it. Since electricity meters are the property of their owners, it is the tenants who are responsible for the timely verification of devices, and pay all related costs.

Verification determines the amount of measurement error in the metering devices. It is carried out several times during the operation of the electric meter.

Verification is carried out by metrological service authorities or by organizations having appropriate accreditation.

• primary - carried out by the manufacturer to determine the operability of the meter, compliance with the quality of measurements with data reflected in the passport; is carried out once, the date is entered in the technical passport of the meter;
• periodic - is carried out after a certain time of storage or operation of the meter for metrological service to determine the degree of wear of the meter and the permissible error in the measurements;
• extraordinary - is carried out before the time of the next verification in case of doubt in the correctness of the testimony, loss of the passport with the date of the last verification, or when repairing the meter.

During verification, the counter metrics are compared with the parameters of the reference device and the error is determined. If it has acceptable limits, the meter can continue to be used, but if the allowed limits are exceeded, the meter must be replaced.

During verification, the meter body is sealed with a seal, on which the verification period is indicated - it is this date that will serve as the starting point for a new inter-verification period.

Terms of verification

The periodicity of verification of the meter is indicated in the technical passport of the device. Different models of meters have different terms, which depend on the design features of the devices and the amount of wear.

Most of the counters used can be divided into two types:

• mechanical (induction);
• electronic.

The first type of meters was installed earlier, and to this day works in many houses and apartments. Electricity consumption is counted using a rotating disk. The second variant is more modern: electronic models of counters allow more accurately to keep account of the spent electricity and use several tariffs at once.

As we have already noted, the verification period is specified in the documentation of the devices themselves.

However, there are deadlines that must be observed:

• for mechanical devices, the interval between conducting the tests should not exceed 8 years;
• for electric meters, the maximum interval is 16 years.

Also, you should know that old electric meters, having an accuracy class of 2.5, are not subject to verification.

Such counters should be replaced with new ones after the completion of the intercumbral period. The class counters 1,0 and 2,0 after calibration can be used when obtaining the appropriate permit.

To date, according to regulatory documents, verification of the meter can be performed in one of two ways: in home mode or in a special laboratory. Checking the counter at home significantly saves time for all the above procedures, but it costs more in comparison with the second option.

Verification involves the following:

• a verification contract is drawn up;
• appointed day and time when the master comes to the house with a set of necessary equipment and removes the characteristics of the meter;
• the counter is sealed, and the results of the calibration are entered in the documents for the instrument.

In the second case, the sequence of actions is as follows:

• a statement is made on the need for verification work;
• the day and time are appointed, when the master composes the acts, removes the counter and puts in place a temporary recording device;
• the electricity meter is poisoned into the laboratory, then it is returned with a seal and a record in the technical passport about the results of the verification;
• an application for the installation of an electricity meter is prepared.

In general, the cost of services for checking the meter can be up to 20% of the cost of the device itself.

Electricity meter: classification, installation, verification, replacement

The function of accounting for electricity consumption in residential and industrial premises is performed by electric meters. Thus the electric meter can be electromechanical or electronic. At the heart of the work of electromechanical meters is the rotation of the disk under the influence of an electric current of low voltage, which occurs in the coil when a conductor with a current passes through it. The intensity of the rotation of the disk depends on the amount of electricity consumed than it is higher, the greater the current passes through the conductor and the more current is generated on the coil winding, and, consequently, the number of revolutions of the disc per unit time increases. In electronic analogs, the disk is replaced by a microcircuit.

Classification of electricity meters:

• electrodynamic
• electronic
• induction

According to the tariff plan, electricity meters are divided into:

• one-tariff
• two-tariff
• three-tariff

In addition, electricity meters are divided into three-phase and single-phase.

Installation and connection of electricity meter

Electricity meters should be installed directly at the site of the electrical wiring. Each electric meter at the corners of the flap has rollers, with which help it is installed. Wiring to the apartment is connected to the input terminals of the device, the output terminals are necessary for the section of the electric flow. According to the established rules, the panel on which the meter and fuses are located should be located at an altitude of 1.3 1.7 m from the floor level. The allowable deviation of the meter from the vertical is 1 degree.

In accordance with safety standards and the requirements of organizations supplying electricity, the connection of the electricity meter must be made by professional electricians. Electrical installation work on the connection of meters is carried out according to the PUE and the connection scheme, which is indicated in the passport of the meter. When connecting, the incoming phase conductor must be de-energized. The incoming zero and phase wires are fixed to the proper terminals of the electric meter. The outgoing zero and phase wires are fixed on the zero bus and at the pole of the input automaton, respectively. with the support of which this article was compiled - weeqoney.ru - Financial portal - the most current news from the world of investment, fresh stock market reports, etc.

After the installation of the meter, its housing must be sealed. This procedure is performed by representatives of the state verifier. In addition to the body seal is installed on the removable cover of the device. After sealing, the connection of the electricity meter is considered complete. Next, the internal wiring is connected.

Checking the electricity meter

Each operating meter is subject to periodic verification, the period of which is indicated in its technical passport. Calibration interval (MPI) is set depending on the type of counter:

• mechanical electricity meters for 8 years;
• electronic electricity meters 10-16 years. MPI of these meters depends on their type - simple or multifunctional.

Verification period is the time during which the received indications are considered accurate. The electricity meter that has passed the calibration shall be sealed in accordance with the established procedure. The settlement device must have seals:

• carrying out verification of the organization (the seal is located on the casing attachment);
• supplier of electricity (the seal is located on the cover of the terminal block).

The impression on the seal verifying the verification should contain a fixed date for periodic verification.

The procedure for checking the electricity meter, which the owner of this device is engaged in, is carried out in consultation with the company supplying electricity. Verification can be initiated by the owner and before the expiration of the MPI, if there are justifiable doubts about the accuracy of the instrument. Before you carry the meter for verification, it is necessary to call a sales agent from the power supply organization, whose competence includes legalizing the transfer of the device for verification by:

• fixation of current indications;
• transfer of payment (for the verification period) for consumed electricity by average indicators for a specified period;
• drawing up an act on the removal of the device;

The electricity meter was declared unfit

So, the electricity meter passed verification, and its result was the conclusion received from the metrological service about the further unsuitableness of the device. What to do in this situation? The reason why these metering devices are recognized as unsuitable for operation may be their malfunction or inconsistency with the required accuracy class. In either case, the meter needs to be replaced, therefore, each holder of the accounting device must not forget about the established MPI (inter-verification interval), and also promptly initiate its verification in accordance with the procedure established by the Rules.

When is the electricity meter to be replaced?

As a rule, replacement of meters is carried out in those cases when they do not already meet the requirements set by the energy supply organization or a planned replacement is carried out (usually in old houses). Sometimes such a question arises after the renovation of the interior of the office or apartment. As the practice shows, electromechanical (induction) counters, which are present in most apartments of Russian citizens, no longer allow accurate accounting of consumed electricity. On the other hand, the old household electricity meter undergoes significant overloads due to the appearance in our apartments of modern "two-kvillovatnyh" household electrical appliances (microwave ovens, air conditioners, electric stoves). And such overloads are always the risk of a fire. It is for this reason that all modern electricity metering devices are manufactured with the expectation of an energy consumption of 40-60 A.

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Additional services

Until recently, such a phenomenon as verification of an electric meter, was known only to a small circle of persons. In recent times, everything has changed, now with this procedure, almost everything matters: heads of large and small organizations, owners of car services, beauty studios, shops and even private individuals.

The constantly rising cost of energy resources has necessitated the introduction of a regime of careful monitoring of the account of consumed electricity. To address this problem, in June 2008, the Federal Law No. 102 "On ensuring the uniformity of measurements" was signed, according to which all measuring systems are subject to verification. In addition, the law prescribes an indispensable replacement of old ones with new ones that need to be monitored (the verification dates for electric meters in Russia are prescribed individually in the technical passport of the device).

Equipment for electricity metering is the property of the owner of the premises, as well as other individual meters of consumption of communal resources. In this connection, the replacement, repair and other work on servicing the apartment recording device, including when it is installed outside its borders, is carried out at the expense of the owner. All operations are performed in the regional standardization department, having agreed in advance the date of delivery of the device for reading and verification.

If the housing is municipal, then the responsibilities for replacement, maintenance and other are borne by the municipality.

What does the law say

Verification is a series of processes that are performed in order to verify the operability of the device and its compliance with metrological requirements. In the governmental resolution No. 250 dated April 20, 2010 there is a register of measuring instruments controlled by the state departments of metrology accredited in accordance with all the rules in the field of providing the uniformity of measurements. The verification period for electronic power meters is strictly prescribed in the equipment passport.

The equipment installed in the apartments to account for the amount of electricity consumed, used in the calculation of utility fees, is included in this list.

In other words, verification is an official certificate of an accredited company about the suitability of the device for further use as a metering device.

Meter checking period

There are two types of verification:

• Primary, which is carried out by the manufacturer before the equipment is put into operation (or after repair).
• Periodic, it is carried out during the application of the device in accordance with the calibration interval.

Are you interested in how to find out the meter's verification period? For each version of the device, its own period for checking is determined, during which time its readings are recognized as valid and valid. So, what are the terms of verification of electricity meters in Russia?

• For induction mechanical equipment with discs, this period can not exceed 8 years.
• For an electronic measuring device, this period is up to 16 years, depending on the model. For example, the verification period of the electric meter "Mercury" varies from 6 to 10 years.

After checking the metrological service in the passport of the electric meter, a mark is placed or a certificate of verification is issued.

Indications for extraordinary calibration

If the owner has suspicions about the overestimated readings of the meter, regardless of how long the meter is checked in the equipment certificate, the procedure can still be performed. But before turning to the employees of the standardization service, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the procedure of actions:

• Verify the quality of the wiring installation.
• Invite a representative of the sales department to the house to legalize the transfer of the meter's data for verification.
• Prepare checks for payment of electricity.

Extraordinary verification of the electricity meter can be carried out for other reasons:

• If you lose the certificate of verification.
• When carrying out meter settings and alignment.
• When replacing old equipment with a new one.

For many apartment owners checking electricity meters has become a problem without fail. Most of the old metering devices, according to the metrological services, are not suitable for further operation. According to the law, in this case there is only one way out - the replacement of the old meter with a new one. Subsequently it is important not to forget about the verification period of electric meters.

Reasons to replace the meter

There are a number of reasons why it is necessary to replace the old device with a new one:

• Device with an idle or unevenly functioning disk.
• Equipment with a faulty display or indicator.
• The device with the damaged case.
• Device without sealed state verifier.

So, if, on the verifying result, the device is found unfit for further operation, it is necessary to perform a replacement.

Stages and cost of verification

Having formalized all the formalities with the employee of the power supply company, it is possible to proceed to the process itself, which can be performed in different ways.

In the department of metrological service or any other accredited laboratory, which the owner of the device will choose. On site it is necessary:

1. Coordinate the delivery of the meter.
2. The verification period for electric meters is from 14 to 28 days.
3. Specify the cost of the procedure:

• Single-phase, induction sample - 204 rubles.
• Three-phase device of the old model with a disk - 338 rubles.
• Modern electronic (single-phase) - 700 rubles.
• Electronic three-phase - 859 rubles.

Urgent services

• Verification for 5 days - the basic tariff rate + 25%.
• For 3 days - the basic tariff + 50%.
• 1 day - the basic tariff + 100%.

Catering service

To carry out verification at the location of the device without removing it is necessary to issue an application in an authorized organization. After this, a certified metrological service officer will be sent to the owner to the house, which performs all the work on the spot using a portable standard. The cost is negotiated individually.

The second option is the most common, because less troublesome, but at the same time operational. With a well-carried out calibration, the CCM gives the owner a document with a note of compliance and an indication of a new time for checking the electricity meters. If the result is negative, a document is issued indicating that the meter is unsuitable. To install a new meter you will need to re-invite a specialist of an energy-saving organization who will perform the work and execute the act in two copies. One remains in the company, the second copy is from the owner of the equipment.

Is there any responsibility for non-verification

In relation to the owner, no penalties are imposed for the violation of the terms of verification of the electricity meter or replacement. Meanwhile, after expiration of the verification period of the meter, it is declared unfit for calculation, and the electricity fee will be charged in accordance with the introduced norms that significantly exceed the actual consumption.

In addition, in the event that employees of an energy-saving organization establish the fact that the meter has been verified, an act on the unspecified consumption of electricity will be compiled to the user and the account will be recalculated from the date of the previous verification.

It is very important to know and remember that the meter must be replaced no later than a month later. In the first quarter, the amount for electricity is calculated on the basis of the average monthly volume of energy consumed, or according to the parameters of the house-count meter, and then by the standard.

The practice of accounting for electricity in the terminal areas of its use was born a long time ago. At that time, organizations that supply electricity to the population, traders and industrial enterprises, as a rule, rather poorly represented how much specifically the electric energy reached the end user. Therefore, a system for recording the consumed energy in the field with the help of electricity meters was built and the frequency of verification of the devices was established.

Now things are even worse. Energy supply companies know about the amount of energy supplied to the population even less, so all the hope for accounting, organized by the hands and money of citizens buying meters.

Why are meter counting performed?

The obligatory verification is established by laws, GOSTs and rules of use. During the verification, the following tasks are pursued:

• Confirm the reliability and suitability for the further operation of the most loaded elements of the electricity meter, such as the winding of the induction coil, the sensor, the connecting wiring, the measuring circuits, the electronic circuit boards.
• Believe and adjust the error in measuring the energy that is passed through by the meter so that the amount consumed is no more than the value indicated on the indicator of the device.
• Establish possible violations in the operation of accounting systems and the facts of unauthorized interference in the operation of an electricity meter before it is verified.
• Determine the amount of energy consumed in the regime of no load. As a rule, the "idle" current consumption of the meter from verification to verification only increases.

Important! Each developer and manufacturer of meters automatically determines the calibration interval for electric meters for their products. The verification period is at least 6 years. At the same time for similar models, the verification period can be very different.

For example, the "Mercury 230 AR" model has an interval between verification of 10 years, and for the electricity meter "Mercury 230 AR-01 Cl", the verification procedure should be performed after 6 years. The first model "Mercury 230" costs about $ 130, the second - $ 50. Make a choice.

The cheaper the meters, the more often it is required to check the electricity meters.

Variants of verification

To date, regulatory documents allow you to verify the meter in two ways. The first one is classical, consists of the following stages:

1. We write an application for conducting verification work in the relevant department of the local office of energy sales;
2. On the agreed day, the master writes an act, removes the electricity meter, puts in a temporary counter, which also activates. Both documents are sent to the subscriber department;
3. The electric meter is transported to the certified laboratory of measuring and verification works;
4. We pay for the service according to the tariff, a month later the laboratory returns an electricity meter with a seal and a record in the instrument's passport about the results and the date of the next tests;
5. We write a new application for installing the meter after verification, respectively, repeat the procedure in step 2 in reverse order.

In the second case, the meter can be calibrated at the installation site.

For your information! The results of verification of your electricity meter will be sent to the operational department by the laboratory in a separate message. But if you lose your passport with the marks on the results of the verification tests, the procedure will have to be repeated.

Checking the counter in place

Considering the amount of time and effort that will be required to verify the device, the procedure for verifying works without dismantling an electric meter is gaining popularity. It is worth this option is much more expensive, but it will take you only a few hours. After drawing up the contract and payment for the services, a specialist of the center or laboratory will come to you and with the help of compact equipment will remove the performance of the electricity meter.

It must be said that the second method of verification of the device is methodologically more literate. When performing the verification procedures, all the nuances associated with the location of the meter and capable of influencing its readings are taken into account. Most often, the procedure reduces to the accuracy of the DAC with a very precise precision load resistance. The magnitude of the currents is very small, the meter itself is not disconnected from the network, and such checking can not affect the operation of home appliances.

Important! If it is necessary to check the electricity meter as quickly as possible, the laboratory specialists are ready to render the service when paying for the double tariff.

The easiest way is to check the electronic counters with a special diagnostic port-connector. In this case, verification is reduced to diagnostics on the connected laptop and conducting a control measurement of electricity consumption on the calibrated load. For electromechanical or induction models, an additional measuring block or board will be required.

The pleasure of conducting verification procedures costs about 20% of the cost of an electricity meter. If you bought a meter six years ago for 200 rubles, then today you will pay for its verification of not less than 250 rubles. This scheme is very similar to the "tricky" installments, when you have to pay much more for a purchased thing than its real value.

The procedure is not a purely bureaucratic service. Especially if you, under the pressure of the power engineers, agreed to do it in some department or branch of the energy sales company. They also have a plan for identified violations and the number of culled electricity meters. Therefore, be careful and extremely meticulous, check all records in the passport of the device, in the accompanying documents, check the verification seals only in the presence of a specialist. And it's not the intentions of the power engineers. Just in such organizations, the attitude towards the documents being drawn is very sloppy. The cost of such services can be 60-70% higher than that of certified merchants.

A certain percentage of the energy devices taken for verification work are screened out as requiring repair. Most often they are repaired for a long time and boring. The owner does not stand up and buys a new device, which the power industry gladly installs to the owner. The old meter can be sent to a substitute fund.

Be careful when installing the time counter, it should also have a verification seal and a mark on the suitability. If you have any doubts, require a passport for "hanging out" to make sure it is usable.

The law specifies that conducting verification of the meter is the headache of its owner. If the device is installed in your apartment, then you will have to deal with it. Often there are conflicts on the basis of payment checks of meters in apartment buildings. Everything that stands on the sites or in special boxes must be verified by the owner of the house, the housing office, the municipality or the energy supply itself.

Conclusion

Quality repairs are expensive, and the results of such an "update" are unpredictable. Sometimes the bill for repairs can be more than the price of a new meter. But that's not the point. If the meter fails at the wrong time, for example, before inspecting the inspector, and he personally establishes the inoperative state of the device, you will probably try to fine. Therefore, often instead of repair, a new meter is purchased from the middle price category with a good reputation of a reliable device.